The three-dimensional garage industry has entered a period of rapid development in recent years. Lifting and traversing, plane mobile, vertical lifting and vertical circulation three-dimensional garage as four types of mainstream garage types, the enterprise's research and development enthusiasm is higher. Enterprises with vertical cycle qualification have170 home. The number of layers is distributed between 3 and 11 layers. Among them, 7 floors are the most, accounting for 79.4, and 135 enterprises can make 7-layer vertical circulation stereo garage.

Vertical circulation type stereo garage has the following advantages: smooth operation, safe and reliable; convenient access, high economy; beautiful design, can be used as a city landscape; small area, large capacity, useThe location of the 2.5 surface parking spaces can park up to twenty cars, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure1 11-layer vertical circulation equipment

Working principle

The vertical circulation parking device uses a circular motion perpendicular to the ground to access the vehicle. Working principle: The reduction motor drives the transmission mechanism, and a storage bracket is installed at a certain distance on the traction chain. The vehicle is parked on the storage bracket. When the motor rotates, the storage bracket circulates with the chain, and the user can access the vehicle when it reaches the ground.

When the car is stored, the user enters the parking space number, and the system automatically selects the rotation direction with the shortest time to move the target bracket to the ground layer. The user can leave after the vehicle is parked. The method of picking up the car is the same as that of storing the car. After the target carriage has moved to the ground, the user drives the vehicle away.

Scheme Design

This paper mainly depends onThe control system design of the vertical circulating three-dimensional garage with 12 parking spaces on the 7th floor is shown in Figure 2. The equipment control system takes PLC as the controller and uses frequency converter to drive the circulating motor. The circulating motor can run at variable speed with smooth start and stop. After the system is started, the motor runs at high speed first; when approaching the ground, the motor drops to low speed operation; after reaching the stop position, the motor stops at low speed, and the motor brake is quickly locked. Non-contact proximity switches are used as positioning elements. By counting through the proximity switch, the controller stores the position of each storage carriage, so that the direction of rotation that takes the least time can be calculated.

Figure2 7-storey SUV vertical loop stereo garage

Functional Design

Using the special color screen operator for the stereo garage can provide users with a variety of parking space number input methods: buttons, induction cards and mobile phone Bluetooth scanning codes. The operator integrated operation mode switching function, the system can distinguish between manual and automatic operation mode. Automatic mode for normal use by users, and manual mode for administrators in special cases. An emergency stop button is provided on the operator for parking brake in case of emergency.

UseThe LED screen displays the system status, that is, the equipment status (running, emergency stop, disabled, etc.) and alarm information, as shown in Figure 3. Use the LED screen to display the number of free cars and the number of free cars. Since the height of the equipment is 16 m, the user cannot visually see whether there is an empty parking space in the equipment, and the parking space number of the empty parking space is not known. When there are free parking spaces, the LED screen alternately displays the number of free parking spaces and the number of free parking spaces. When there is no empty parking space, the LED screen displays "parking space is full". The system uses a red rotating indicator light as a running warning, and uses a buzzer to give an alarm.

Figure 3 LED operation screen

Positioning function

Due to the cycle of the parking space carrier, the system needs to calculate and store the position of each parking space. Obviously, as long as it is known that No.The location of parking space 1 and other parking spaces can be arranged in sequence. Therefore, a positioning switch is used to specifically calibrate the No. 1 parking space. After the equipment is powered on for the first time, the system needs to address parking space No. 1.

The vertical loop three-dimensional garage has two rotating directions, one of which is a positive direction and the other is a negative direction. SectionAfter the No. 1 parking space is determined, use another positioning switch to count. The counter increases when running in the positive direction and decreases when running in the negative direction. The distance between each parking space and the ground can be calculated by the value of the counter. During the transition between parking space 1 and parking space 12, the counter needs to be re-assigned.

garage door interlock

Automatic garage door (see picture4. Fig. 5) Interlocking operation with equipment. When the garage door is open, the circulation motor cannot run; before the circulation motor runs, the garage door must be closed. In the process of closing the garage door, if someone breaks in, the garage door stops closing and gives an audible and visual alarm.

Figure4 garage entrance

Figure5 garage entrance

Detection device

1) Super-long detection

The ultra-long detection uses a pair of photoelectric switches, which are installed at the front and rear ends of the first floor of the garage. After the vehicle enters the garage, if the light is blocked, the system thinks that the vehicle is too long.

2) Human and vehicle intrusion detection

Intrusion detection of people and vehicles uses a counter-firing photoelectric switch, which is installed at the entrance of the garage. When the garage door is closed, if the light is blocked, the system thinks that people and vehicles have broken in, the equipment stops running and alarms.

3) Whether the vehicle is detected

The opposite type photoelectric switch is used for vehicle detection, which is installed on the first floor and uses diagonal illumination. If there is a car on the bracket and the light is blocked, the system records that there is a car in this parking space.

4) Alarm function

When the equipment is abnormal, the control systemThe alarm information is displayed on the LED screen. Users or administrators can quickly determine the cause and location of the abnormality based on the alarm information, and timely and reasonable disposal. See Table 1 for main alarm points.

Table1 Alarm point

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Hardware Design

PLC selection Omron CP1E series. CP1E series as Omron economic controller, cost-effective, flexible support for small systems, high scalability, wide application, to meet the performance requirements of the seven-story 12-car vertical circulation stereo garage.

Circulating motor frequency converter using DeltaCH2000 series. Delta CH2000 series high-performance vector inverter, can meet the lifting, transportation, CNC machine tools and other areas of the impact of instantaneous load, high overload and heavy load and other special needs. Its overload capacity can reach 60 s at 150% of rated current and 3 s at 200%.

Operator,LED screen, proximity switch and photoelectric switch and other control components are reliable performance of high-quality products. The structure of the control system is shown in Figure 6, and the main input and output points of the PLC are shown in Figure 7.

Figure4 System Block Diagram

Figure5 PLC IO点

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Program Design

 

The control program consists of an initialization program segment, a garage door control program segment, an alarm display program segment, and a circular access program segment. The acceleration and deceleration time of the motor and the braking time of the brake are set by the maximum partial load test. The braking time is short, the braking noise is large, and the motor brake wears quickly; the braking time is long, and the phenomenon of partial load slip is prone to occur.

1) Initialization

When the device is powered on, the controller needs to record the location of each parking space and whether it is idle. Therefore, the equipment is first calibrated by running a complete cycle, and the position and usage of the parking space are sequentially stored in the internal register according to the signal of the detection switch.

After the initialization is completed, the number and number of free parking spaces are alternately displayed inLED screen. The device cannot operate in automatic mode without initialization or when the initialization program is interrupted.

2) Control process

Program control flow diagram8 is shown. The garage door is interlocked with the circular rotation action, and the prerequisite for the circular rotation of the parking space bracket is that the garage door must be completely closed. After the cycle operation, the garage door opens automatically.

Figure8 Control flow chart

3) Access procedures

After the user inputs the parking space number, the program selects the rotation direction with the shortest time according to the current position of each parking space. Cycle rotation, each rotation of a parking space interval, according to the direction of rotation and positioning switch signal, the counter increases or decreases the count. The distance between the target parking space and the ground is judged by the count value. When the target parking space is close to the ground, the program controls the frequency converter to decelerate. When the target position is reached, the motor stops rotating and locks the brake.

There are many ways to realize the control system of vertical loop stereo garage. In this paper, the motor is driven by the inverter to realize the smooth start and stop of the motor, and the acceleration and deceleration curve is smooth. According to the positioning travel,PLC through the inverter to control the speed of the motor, high and low speed with the operation can significantly shorten the access to the car time. After the actual equipment is installed, the load test is carried out, the operation is stable, the positioning is accurate, and the effect is good.